Nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no ntawm high -voltage txij nkawm, ob peb txoj hauj lwm yog siab li - siab raws li nrhiav ib tug txhaum nyob rau hauv ib tug underground cable. Txhua teev ntawm downtime txhais mus rau ntau txhiab nyiaj hauv cov nyiaj tau los poob thiab muaj peev xwm kab sib chaws tsis ruaj khov.
Txhawm rau hloov los ntawm 'dig muag dig' mus rau 'kev txiav txim siab qhov tseeb', cov kws ua haujlwm hauv teb yuav tsum paub txog peb -cov kauj ruam scientific workflow: Detection, Pre- qhov chaw, thiab Pinpointing.
1. "Radar" ntawm daim phiaj: TDR Pre- qhov chaw
Thawj kauj ruam hauv ib lub hom phiaj ua tiav yog nqaim qhov chaw tshawb nrhiav. Lub Sijhawm Domain Reflectometry (TDR), feem ntau hu ua 'Cable Radar,' yog lub hauv paus ntawm qhov chaw ua ntej -.
Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus: TDR xa ib qho qis -voltage pulse down the cable. Thaum nws hits ib qho impedance discontinuity (ib qho txhaum, sib koom, los yog kawg), nws xav txog.
Waveform Mastery: Ib qho kev xav nce siab qhia tau hais tias qhib Circuit Court (so); ib tug downward reflection qhia ib tug luv luv Circuit Court (tsawg-kuj txhaum).
Cov Lus Qhia Pro: Rau siab - ua haujlwm tsis raug, siv Arc Reflection Method (ARM). Los ntawm kev siv lub siab -voltage surge (Thumper) los tsim ib ntus arc, peb tig qhov siab - tiv thaiv xau mus rau qhov qis -tsis kam luv uas TDR tuaj yeem ua daim ntawv qhia tam sim.
2. Kev kos duab ntawm "Thumping": Acoustic-Magnetic Synchronization
Thaum koj paub tias qhov txhaum yog kwv yees li 450 meters deb, koj yuav pom qhov chaw nyob hauv qab ob metres ntawm pob zeb li cas? Qhov no yog qhov uas Acoustic -Magnetic Synchronization dhau los ua tus phab ej.
Lub Siab-Voltage Surge: Ib 'Thumper' xa cov sijhawm siab siab- lub zog pulses mus rau qhov txhaum, tsim ib qho me me 'hauv av tawg' (ib qho acoustic pop).
Sib nqus vs. acoustic: Lub Magnetic Signal mus ntawm qhov ceev ntawm lub teeb thiab ua rau lub receiver lub moos. Acoustic Signal ('Thump') taug kev ntawm lub suab nrawm ntawm cov av.
Precision Timing: Cov neeg nrhiav niaj hnub no suav lub Sijhawm ncua sijhawm (Δt). Lub ntsiab lus uas qhov ncua sij hawm luv tshaj plaws, thiab lub suab nrov tshaj plaws, yog qhov tseeb ntsug ntawm qhov txhaum.
3. Kev kuaj mob "Daim tawv nqaij": Sheath Fault Location
Tsis yog txhua qhov teeb meem cable pib hauv qhov tseem ceeb. Sheath Faults (kev puas tsuaj rau lub tsho tiv thaiv sab nrauv) tso cai rau cov dej noo kom nkag mus, ua rau ntev - lub sijhawm rwb thaiv tsev tsis ua haujlwm.
Rau cov kev ua txhaum no, peb siv Txoj Kev Theem Voltage (A-Frame). Los ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj DC rau hauv lub hnab, ib qho hluav taws xob gradient yog tsim nyob rau hauv cov av nyob ib ncig ntawm lub xau. Siv A-frame sojntsuam, tus kws ua haujlwm ua raws li 'muaj peev xwm sawv' ncaj qha mus rau qhov taw tes rau hauv lub tsho.
Cable txhaum qhov chaw tsis yog 'kev twv ua si.' Los ntawm kev sib txuas TDR Pre- qhov chaw nrog Acoustic-Magnetic Pinpointing, pab pawg saib xyuas tuaj yeem txo lawv qhov kev khawb av ntawm kaum metres mus rau kaum centimeters.