1. Circuit Breakers:
· High-Voltage Circuit Breakers:
· High-voltage Circuit Court breakers yog cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv tseem ceeb uas cuam tshuam lossis tawg cov hluav taws xob tam sim no thaum muaj teeb meem lossis teeb meem txawv txav. Lawv ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev cais cov ntu tsis raug ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob, tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj rau cov khoom siv thiab txo qis qis qis.
· Hom Circuit Breakers:
· Ntau hom hluav taws xob hluav taws xob muaj xws li cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob hluav taws xob, lub tshuab nqus hluav taws xob, thiab cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob hluav taws xob. Qhov kev xaiv ntawm hom nyob ntawm yam xws li qib voltage, daim ntawv thov yuav tsum tau, thiab ib puag ncig xav txog.
2. Relays:
· Tiv thaiv Relays:
· Kev tiv thaiv relays yog cov khoom siv uas saib xyuas hluav taws xob tsis zoo thiab kev mus ncig
Circuit Court breakers lossis lwm yam khoom siv tiv thaiv yog tias kuaj pom muaj qhov txawv txav. Hom kev tiv thaiv relays muaj xws li overcurrent relays, sib txawv relays, nrug relays, thiab directional relays. Microprocessor-Based Relays: Cov kev tiv thaiv niaj hnub no feem ntau siv microprocessor-raws li thev naus laus zis, muab cov yam ntxwv siab heev, yoog raws, thiab muaj peev xwm sib txuas lus rau kev tiv thaiv substation zoo dua.
3. Cov Txheej Txheem Tiv Thaiv thiab Saib Xyuas:
· Substation Automation Systems (SAS):
· SAS integrates tiv thaiv relays, tswj systems, thiab kev sib txuas lus tes hauj lwm rau automate substation functions thiab txhim khu kev tiv thaiv, tswj, thiab saib xyuas
peev xwm.
· Cov tshuab no ua rau cov lus teb ceev ceev rau qhov ua tsis raug, tshawb xyuas cov ntaub ntawv hauv lub sijhawm, thiab kev tswj cov chaw taws teeb ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob.
4. Av Fault Detectors:
Ground fault detectors paub txog qhov muaj qhov txhaum hauv av hauv hluav taws xob,
ua rau muaj kev tiv thaiv kom cais cov faulty seem. Cov cuab yeej no tseem ceeb heev rau kev tiv thaiv hluav taws xob poob siab thiab txo qis kev puas tsuaj rau cov khoom siv.
5. Cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv dhau tam sim no:
· Tshaj-tam sim no Relays:
· Cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv dhau tam sim no, xws li cov khoom siv tam sim no, pom ntau dhau
tam sim no ntws hauv qhov system thiab pib ua haujlwm tiv thaiv. Lawv pab tiv thaiv cov khoom puas thiab tiv thaiv thermal overloads.
6. Transformer Protection Devices:
· Buchholz Relay:
· Buchholz relay feem ntau yog siv los tiv thaiv transformers. Nws
kuaj pom qhov ua txhaum ntawm sab hauv, xws li rwb thaiv tsev tawg lossis muaj qhov pom ntawm
combustible gases.
Yog tias kuaj pom muaj teeb meem, Buchholz relay xa cov teeb liab mus rau qhov hloov pauv thiab
tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj ntxiv.
7. Cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv hluav taws xob:
· Under-Voltage thiab Over-Voltage Relays:
· Under-voltage thiab over-voltage relays saib xyuas cov qib voltage hauv qhov system. Lawv taug kev cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv yog tias qhov hluav taws xob poob qis dua lossis dhau qhov kev txwv ua ntej, tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj rau cov khoom siv.
8. Cov khoom siv tiv thaiv zaus:
· Ntau zaus Relays:
· Zaus relays saib xyuas qhov zaus ntawm cov hluav taws xob. Kev sib txawv ntawm ib txwm muaj peev xwm qhia tau tias muaj teeb meem, thiab relay pib ua kev tiv thaiv kom muaj kev ruaj ntseg ntawm lub cev.
9. Arc Flash Detection Systems:
· Arc Flash Sensors:
· Arc flash detection systems siv cov sensors los xyuas qhov tshwm sim ntawm arc flash tshwm sim, uas yog qhov txaus ntshai tso tawm ntawm lub zog. Cov tshuab no tau nrawm nrawm mus rau Circuit Court breakers kom txo tau lub sijhawm thiab cuam tshuam
ntawm arc flash xwm txheej, tiv thaiv cov neeg ua haujlwm thiab cov khoom siv.
10. Surge Arresters:
· Kev Tiv Thaiv Hluav Taws Xob thiab Hluav Taws Xob:
· Cov neeg tua hluav taws tiv thaiv tiv thaiv hluav taws xob hluav taws xob tshwm sim los ntawm xob laim ntaus lossis hloov ua haujlwm.
· Lawv hloov lub zog ntau dhau mus rau hauv av, tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj rau cov khoom siv rhiab thiab rwb thaiv tsev.
11. Fault Locators:
· Fault Locating Equipment:
· Fault locators yog siv los txheeb xyuas qhov chaw ntawm qhov teeb meem hauv hluav taws xob, ua kom yooj yim kho cov phiaj xwm thiab txo qis lub sijhawm poob.
12. Gas Monitoring Devices:
· Gas Detectors:
· Cov cuab yeej saib xyuas roj tau ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hluav taws xob txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau nws, cov khoom siv roj av, cov cuab yeej siv roj Kev tshawb pom ntxov ntawm cov pa xau yuav pab tiv thaiv cov khoom puas thiab ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm.
Cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv yog cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm cov kab sib txuas, muab kev tiv thaiv tseem ceeb tiv thaiv hluav taws xob tsis raug thiab cuam tshuam. Kev sib koom tes kom zoo, kev sim, thiab kev saib xyuas cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv yog tsim nyog los xyuas kom meej tias lawv cov txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev tiv thaiv cov cuab yeej siv, cov neeg ua haujlwm, thiab tag nrho kev ncaj ncees ntawm lub zog.