Q: Muab P₀ thiab Pₖ los ntawm kev xeem, kuv yuav ua li cas xam efficiency ntawm ntau theem load?
A: Efficiency η=P_out / (P_out + P₀ + ² × Pₖ) × 100%, qhov twg=load factor.
Piv txwv li: 10 MVA transformer, P₀=12 kW, Pₖ=85 kW:
|
Thauj khoom |
|
Cov zis (kW) |
P₀ (kW) |
² × Pₖ (kW) |
η (%) |
|
25% |
0.25 |
2,500 |
12 |
5.3 |
99.31 |
|
50% |
0.50 |
5,000 |
12 |
21.3 |
99.34 |
|
75% |
0.75 |
7,500 |
12 |
47.8 |
99.21 |
|
100% |
1.00 |
10,000 |
12 |
85.0 |
99.04 |
|
120% |
1.20 |
12,000 |
12 |
122.4 |
98.89 |
Kev ua haujlwm siab tshaj plaws ntawm=√(P₀ / Pₖ)=0.376 → ~ 37.6% load.
Energy efficiency cov qauv:
• IEC 60076-20: EEI chav A (siab tshaj) → D.
• EU Ecodesign 2019/1783: Tier 2 (2021), Tier 3 (2025–27).
• DOE 10 CFR Part 431: txoj cai tshiab pib lub Rau Hli 2026.
• GB 20052-2020 (Tuam Tshoj): Qib 1 (siab tshaj) → 3.
• IS 1180 (Is Nrias teb): BEE Star Rating 1–5.
TCO mus kom ze: TCO=Nqe + A × P₀ + B × Pₖ
A ≈ $3,000–8,000/kW (tsis muaj-load capitalized cost).
B ≈ $500–2,000/kW (load capitalized cost).